by Cameron Scott, February 09, 2011

ImageWe're used to big polluters mounting legal challenges to efforts to get them to clean up their acts. But the ongoing legal challenge to California's groundbreaking climate law seemed to come out of left field — from environmental justice groups concerned with the disproportionate effects of pollution on low-income and minority people.


A quick look at the overlap of big polluters and such populations on a state map is makes it pretty clear than these populations breathe dirtier air. And several groups — including The Center on Race, Poverty and the Environment — who have sued the state over over AB 32 claim that, because cap and trade regimes don't force in-state polluters to stop polluting, the law won't meet its own stated goal of providing the most technically feasible benefits to California residents. 

The claim contradicts the state's own research, says Tim O'Connor of the mainstream green group Environmental Defense Fund. "Both (the Air Resources Board) and the California Department of Public Health evaluated the potential impacts of a cap-and-trade program," he explained, "and found that the regulation was not likely to cause any adverse impacts to public health and welfare – especially if money raised from the program is reinvested in California communities to help protect against the impacts of climate change."

It's a big if: A bill requiring such investments was vetoed by outgoing governor Arnold Schwarzenegger. A similar bill will likely be introduced this year, but its fate remains uncertain.

Brent Newell, lead council for the Center on Race, Poverty and the Environment underscored that the plaintiffs in the suit against the state "support reducing greenhouse gasses because they know global warming has negative and disproportionate effects in their communities."

A judge found last week that the state Air Resources Board had not delivered an adequate Environmental Impact Report, which would have potentially have required it to consider methods of reducing carbon emissions other than cap and trade. Progressive groups have long been critical of the market-based approach designed by financial institutions, favoring a carbon tax.

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by Cameron Scott, February 07, 2011

New Mexico power plant prior to EPA limits on sulfur dioxideIn an ongoing effort to forestall carbon regulations, the new Republican House is agitating to cripple the Environmental Protection Agency. Newt Gingrich went so far as to call for the agency to be scrapped. A bill written by Fred Upton, the new chair of the Energy and Commerce Committee, and notorious climate denier James Inhofe would stop short of axing the agency, but would repeal its authority to regulate greenhouse gases and grant states like California waivers to impose stricter emission standards than the federal government.

But a recent poll conducted by ORC International found that the voters don't support these efforts. Just 25 of those interviewed in late January backed Gingrich's plan to abolish the EPA; 67 percent opposed it. Perhaps even more telling, when asked about eight actions Congress could take this year, providing incentives for renewable power garnered more support (83 percent) than anything else.

The anti-EPA agenda is largely being driven by the big-bucks conservative activists, such as the Koch brothers and Tea Party bankroller and former Representative Dick Armey. Armey penned a recent op-ed for FoxNews.com. The Wonk Room reports that David Koch met with John Boehner on his very first day as Speaker of the House to express his beef with the EPA.

Environmental groups are working hard to protect the EPA's mandate. Especially of interest to ClimateHealthConnect is that they're focusing on the EPA's role in safeguarding human health. While it remains difficult to put a price tag on benefits to the natural environment, human health effects are easily measured in dollars — and lots of them. For instance, the EPA's recent move to limit mercury emissions from cement plants would save nearly 20 times as much in health care spending as it would cost businesses to comply.

Indeed, the a World Resources Institute analysis concludes, "there is extensive literature showing that the costs of environmental regulations are more than offset by a broad range of economic, public health and jobs-related benefits." Over the 10-year period starting October 1, 1999, the Office of Management and Budget estimated that EPA regulations cost the nation $26-29 billion. Their benefits, however, saved between $82 and $533 billion. In other words, their benefits outpaced their costs by at least a factor of three, and possibly by a factor of 20.

The EPA program to limit sulfur dioxide, which causes acid rain, cut levels of the pollutant to 35 percent what they were in 1976 at a mere fourth of the cost the agency projected. Of course, affected industries bandied about numbers that wildly exceeded official estimates to back their claims that the regulation would put them out of business.

It's hard to argue a track record like the EPA's — unless of course you're an oil tycoon like David Koch.

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by Cameron Scott, January 31, 2011

ImageMost major political shifts are caused at least in part by economic pressures. Food prices are now at an all-time high. Those prices have, according to a wide range of analysts, contributed to the political revolts first in Tunisia and now in Egypt.

According to The Atlantic, food prices put especial pressure on the politically powerful Egyptian middle class, who have had to devote more and more of their paychecks to simply staying alive. This graph makes the point pretty clearly:
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But here's the kicker: Food prices aren't just some arbitrary economic statistic. They measure (inversely) the planet's success at sustaining its human population. And right now, it's not doing so well. The reason? Erratic weather spurred by climate change.

Don't take my word for it. Find the connection spelled out on NPR and in the New York Times. Agriculture has developed over millennia based on our knowledge of how the weather behaves in a given region. When those assumptions prove false, crops fail, food prices go up, people get hungry and blame their leaders.

Who knows, Egypt may get real democracy out of this uprising. But it's also possible that Muslim fundamentalists will rise to power like they did in Iran after the Shah's overthrow. Political instability in regions as volatile as the Middle East is not just a humanitarian disaster waiting to happen; it's a threat to our national interests. Which means acting to control climate change is, too.

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by Cameron Scott, January 25, 2011

ImageA study in the wonky journal Energy Policy makes the case that the whole world could be using exclusively renewable energy within 20 years. The plan doesn't even include nuclear power, natural gas or biofuels, which sometimes spur deforestation.

The analysis, by UC Davis research scientist Mark Delucchi and Stanford engineer Mark Jacobson, contradicts industry claims that renewable energy is a pipe dream and that we must continue using costly and unhealthy energy sources such as fossil fuels and nuclear power.

The chief barrier to this clean energy future, write the researchers, is not technological know-how but political will.

The blueprint includes use of cutting-edge 5 MW wind turbines, a mix of photovoltaic and concentrated solar power plants, household solar panels and wave and geothermal energy. The chief technical difficulty is balancing power supply from the intensive but erratic sources like wind and solar with that from less intensive but constant sources like wave and geothermal facilities.

Suggestion: Bookmark the study and send it out every time someone tells you we can't pull off a purely clean energy future.

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by Cameron Scott, January 20, 2011

ImageIn what is being called an aggressive estimate of how climate change will affect agriculture, a new report by the Universal Ecological Fund argues that rising temperatures will diminish yields of the staple crops rice, wheat and corn in much of the developing world.

Lower yields, the report contends, will exacerbate food price volatility — with skyrocketing food prices already causing instability in places like Tunisia — and result in more undernourished people.

Overall, the U.S. branch of the Argentine group Fundación Ecológica Universal estimates that within the next decade there will be a 14 percent gap between a shrinking supply and a rising demand of wheat, an 11 percent supply-demand gap in rice, and a 9 percent shortfall in corn. In one bright spot, the report predicts a 5 percent surplus in soybeans.

A senior analyst at the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization criticized the report’s methodology. Josef Schmidhuber argued that falling incomes are a much stronger driver of food insecurity than agricultural production.

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by Cameron Scott, January 18, 2011

ImageLast week, Physicians for Social Responsibility released a set of essays attempting to answer the question, How can we integrate scientific evidence into our climate and energy policy choices?

Climate change is now the priority issue of this Nobel Prize-winning group, whose early work in the 1970s helped shut down the U.S. nuclear industry for decades, a fact that underscores the dramatic health risks of climate change. These are doctors after all.

But it also points to the importance of talking about those risks: It wasn’t the abstract threat of long-lasting nuclear waste that stopped the nuclear boom of the 1970s; it was the impact on human health. (Jane Fonda’s dramatic performance in The China Syndrome didn’t hurt, either.)

Denials aside, climate change is the issue of a generation. Check out what experts, including Edward Maibach, Matthew Nisbet and PSR’s Barbara Warren, say we can do about it.

Update (1/18): On a somewhat related note, Stephen Hawking compares the dangers of climate change to those of nuclear war.

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